|
Since the onset
of war in 1998, women and girls in the Democratic Republic of Congo
have endured extreme sexual violence perpetrated against them by
government soldiers and rival militias. In an even more alarming
development, U.N. peacekeeping troops in the region have been
accused of sexually exploiting young girls.
With the
current state of lawlessness in the eastern
Congo, grave crimes such as rape often go unpunished. In addition, the health
care system in this region is not adequate enough to provide much
needed rehabilitation and counseling to women survivors and most do
not receive sufficient medical or psychological care.
In a recent
report, Amnesty International estimates that at least 40,000 women
have been victims of rape. Women are often raped in public spaces,
in front of their children and other family members. They are often
raped repeatedly or gang-raped in their homes, on their way to
school, at work in the field or on their way to get water. Moreover,
most cases of rape go unreported for fear of reprisals and
abandonment by the women's husbands and families.
U.N. peacekeepers: from protectors to perpetrators
The British
Independent newspaper first leaked accusations against United
Nations Peacekeeping Mission in the Congo (MONUC) personnel in 2001.
The soldiers stationed in the towns of Goma, Bunia and Kisangani
preyed on vulnerable children who traded sex for something to eat; a
few eggs, a packet of milk, or a few dollars.
The majority of
girls, some as young as 11 years old, were raped by militias, lost
family members and forced to support themselves. Already traumatized
by war and sexually violated, these girls desperate for food found
that the only way to survive was to engage in sex with peacekeepers.
UUSC partner
confirms a growing crisis
According to
UUSC program partner, the Center for Research and Education on
Women's Rights (CERDF), soldiers in the town of Kisangani would
often elicit sex from young girls. One of their slogans is “$1 for
one girl.”
CERDF visited
bars and nightclubs between the hours of 11 p.m. and 1 a.m. to interview young
girls. They identified 50 young girls and registered them with the
organization. With UUSC funding, CERDF was able to pay for school
tuition for one year, provide them with an HIV/AIDS test and educate
the girls about the consequences of their actions.
CERDF was also
able to use local talk radio to broadcast information about the
growing crisis facing young girls in today's Congolese society under
the context of children's rights. They visited local administrative
authorities to discuss this growing abusive trend against children
in Kisangani.
The U.N. Office
of Internal Oversight investigated 150 allegations of sexual abuse
by MONUC soldiers. MONUC employs approximately 11,000 soldiers in
the Congo from over 50 countries. Allegations have been made against
soldiers from South Africa, Morocco, Uruguay,
Pakistan, Tunisia and Nepal.
In order to
begin to remedy the problem, the United Nations has banned its
peacekeepers from having sex with local people, and enforced a dusk
to dawn curfew for its soldiers and a midnight deadline for civilian
employees. The United Nations will also deploy eight-person “Code of
Conduct” units to ensure peacekeeping troops understand the severity
of their crimes.
The United
Nations cannot discipline peacekeepers, but it can send them home to
their country of origin and request that they be tried there. On
Feb. 14, 2005, six Moroccan soldiers were sent back home to Morocco
to be tried. The Moroccan government has announced that the soldiers
were arrested and will be brought to justice.
For more
information and to respond to a recent action alert supporting peace
in the Congo, visit:
U.S. must also work to end 'disaster' in Congo.
Posted Feb. 28, 2005 |